08-20-2006, 06:27 PM
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First hemi engine ...
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Originally Posted by http://www.allpar.com/mopar/hemi/ardun.html
The first Hemi engines (Bill Watson)
I did a little bit of research and the earliest "hemi" I can find is the 1903 Welch, built by Chelsea Mfg. Co., Chelsea, Michigan. It had a 20-hp, two-cylinder engine with overhead valves and hemispherical combustion chambers. The company moved to Pontiac, Michigan in 1904 and began producing larger cars with 36-hp four cylinder engines, still with overhead valves and hemi-heads. The 1906 engine had a 4.5" stroke and 5" bore with a single overhead camshaft and had one of the first water pumps driven by the fan belt.
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Originally Posted by http://www.highperformancepontiac.com/tech/0209hpp_engine_combustion_chamber/
The Combustion Chamber
In 1673, Christian Huygen, King Louis XIV's water keeper, invented the first engine. It was developed as a better means to transport water from the Seine River to the grounds and gardens of the Palace of Versailles. This gunpowder-consuming single-cylinder external-combustion behemoth was welcomed by the peasants and oxen that were used as water carriers prior to its existence. As the internal combustion engine slowly progressed from these humble roots it was discovered that efficiency and power could be increased with a controlled process in a closed environment. The early combustion chambers were simply little more than covers for the cylinder. A major breakthrough in combustion chamber design was realized by Ricardo, who invented the turbulent cylinder head for a side-valve motor. Taking place in the early 1900s, it set new standards for compression ratio, running at 6.00:1. At that time, the fuel had an octane rating of only 60 to 70. Over the next decades the impact the combustion chamber had on the character of the engine was accepted and explored. A major breakthrough occurred in 1951 when the Chrysler Corporation introduced its hemispherical combustion chamber on its 331-cubic-inch V8. Today, combustion chamber design and technology are constantly evolving and producing smaller, higher specific-output, fuel-efficient engines.
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Highly amusing ... I guess North America is really the whole world after all ??? ;-)
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Originally Posted by http://www.answers.com/topic/hemi-engine
The BMW double push rod design, taken over by Bristol Cars, the Peugeot 403 and the Toyota T engine are other well known examples. Harry Arminius Miller racing engines were more notable example. Stutz had built four valve engines, resembling modern car engines. Chrysler's main innovation was to build them in such large numbers.
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Hemispherical cylinder heads have been used in some engines since they were first used by the Belgian car maker Pipe in 1905. Most applications have been in higher-priced luxury or sporting vehicles, because the hemi design is more expensive to build.
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Atleast this American is aware of the rest of the planet ... ;-)
Pete
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Last edited by PSk; 08-20-2006 at 06:40 PM.
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10-18-2006, 03:54 AM
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"Belgian car maker Pipe in 1905"...
Wow, I never heard of that car manufacturer...and I'm Belgian (and a car nut...) Apparently, we made a very IMPORTANT contribution to engine development, like the US! 
must check!
Cheers,
Robin
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10-18-2006, 05:14 AM
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Quote:
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Originally Posted by Blu Hollandese
"Belgian car maker Pipe in 1905"...
Wow, I never heard of that car manufacturer...and I'm Belgian (and a car nut...) Apparently, we made a very IMPORTANT contribution to engine development, like the US!
must check! |
But with that I'm not yet sure Pieper "invented" the hemi head.
This is the review of a book on Pieper, unfortunately for you, in French.
Instead, Pieper patented and built what was probably the first hybrid car, back in 1905:
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PIEPER "voiturette" 3-1/2 HP (Belgique)
A small gasoline engine was mated to an electric motor under the seat. When the car was "cruising," its electric motor was in effect a generator, recharging the batteries. But when the car was climbing a grade, the electric motor, mounted coaxially with the gas engine, gave it a boost.
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F*ck the Toyota Prius! 
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10-21-2006, 10:37 AM
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I have to correct myself here. 
I'm not yet sure about the over-head valves, but I have for sure been too fast in guessing that "Pipe" was a mispelling of Pieper, as Pipe was indeed another obscure Belgian marque from Brussels.
I promise I'll try to check the issue of the chambre design, whether it can be attributed to one of those early carmakers.
Yet, my statement on the hybrid car stays, but I reckon it's unrelated to the topic. |
10-21-2006, 11:58 AM
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Who wants a hemi head anyway?
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10-21-2006, 04:14 PM
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I do, at least with a 2 valve per cylinder forced induction motor.
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10-21-2006, 04:25 PM
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So do I, with Alfa's, Ferrari's, aircraft engines, motorcycle engines and so on.
Gordon Raymond
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10-21-2006, 04:42 PM
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Greg, who want's 2 valve technology?
Gordon: Why are you looking to the past?
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GTV 2000 -77 [URL=http://www.alfapower.nu/gallery/gtv]Pics[/URL] <= These are picture links you know...
75 Turbo -87 *sold* [URL=http://www.alfapower.nu/gallery/75T-Modificata]Pics[/URL] <=
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10-21-2006, 04:43 PM
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Quote:
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Originally Posted by Gordon Raymond
So do I, with Alfa's, Ferrari's, aircraft engines, motorcycle engines and so on.
Gordon Raymond
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10-21-2006, 07:07 PM
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I seem to remember reading yrs ago that the use of the hemispherical shaped combustion chamber was used to maximize air flow thru the chamber. Dodge w/ the wide angle 413, 425, and 426 cu. in. big block motors. Valve angle was layed over at 45 deg creating very wide heads with huge rocker arms to handle the reach of the 45deg valve angle. As time went on and racing rpm's increased these mtr's began to suffer top end valvetrain failure due to the excessive reach and overall mass of the rockers. To fix this Plymouth and Richard Petty Ent. went to the more narrow "Wedge" head design which decreased valve angle to approx. 60 degrees. Some "special" heads reportedly went further with the introduction of roller rockers and the 2:1 reduction ratio of oversize cam journals. Of course in the mid 80's when camshafts started to disentegrate above 7500 r's the really big oversize cam came into play and valvetrain mass had to be reduced even further, and valve angles narrowed again. btw... didn't Fiat and Puegot and Pope dominate Pre war eacing with their 4 valva Hemi engines? I seem to remeber that my Dad's '61 and '69 Citroens both had Hemi Head engines.
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10-21-2006, 07:11 PM
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Mats, I wouldn't really say I am looking to the past, just dealing with the realities of Alfas in this country. They are almost all 2 valves per cylinder. Only a handfull of 4 valve cars came here and they were all in 164s.
For a 2 valve per cylinder car with forced induction the Hemi Head motor is king. That was determined long ago by the N.A.C.A using the best engineers in our country with an unlimited wartime budget. Studies in Berlin just came up with the same results and I am pretty sure Ricardo in England did to. If anyone has a real study showing different results I would love to see it.
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10-21-2006, 07:15 PM
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Note to Matt. I get to restore these things. My tools are to fix these things.
I don't drive a real old design in my daily driver, a 2002 (year) BMW M3. VERY little past there.
Gordon Raymond
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10-21-2006, 07:24 PM
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Humm? lets see, Greg Gordon and Gordon Raymond? Who is the REAL Gordon.
I'll step forward. I drive an AUSCA Giulia spider Veloce built by Horst Kweck, and I, 40 years ago. Full GTA running gear and twin plug (HEMI!) engine. I drive a '65 275 GTB (and vintage race it) with a 3.3 L 12 cyl (HEMI!)
engine. My work car is the aforementioned BMW M3. Oh, least I forget, I sold my 1971 Plymouth GTX I bought from Petty Engineering some years ago. It had a nice street 502 Hp stage III aluminum head, (dual ignition)
H E M I . Gordon Raymond
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10-21-2006, 08:53 PM
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Quote:
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Originally Posted by Gordon Raymond
Humm? lets see, Greg Gordon and Gordon Raymond? Who is the REAL Gordon.
I'll step forward. I drive an AUSCA Giulia spider Veloce built by Horst Kweck, and I, 40 years ago. Full GTA running gear and twin plug (HEMI!) engine. I drive a '65 275 GTB (and vintage race it) with a 3.3 L 12 cyl (HEMI!)
engine. My work car is the aforementioned BMW M3. Oh, least I forget, I sold my 1971 Plymouth GTX I bought from Petty Engineering some years ago. It had a nice street 502 Hp stage III aluminum head, (dual ignition)
H E M I . Gordon Raymond
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I must have met you as I used to go to Kweck's shop and Knauss' dealership. I lived in Glencoe or Highland Park from 1957 until 1968, when I graduated Northwestern.
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10-21-2006, 10:22 PM
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Hi dretcererini,
I did "gopher" work when Horst an Ron were at the old Yamaha shop in Libertyville. I also graduated college in 68, so we must be of the same fine vintage!
Gordon Raymond
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